About Indus Divas

The saree, one of the oldest known garments in human history, dates back to the Indus Valley Civilization around 2800–1800 BCE. Early evidence of this draped attire can be seen in terracotta figurines unearthed in the region, depicting women in long, flowing garments similar to the modern saree. The word “saree” itself is derived from the Sanskrit word “śātī,” meaning a strip of cloth. Unlike other garments, the saree, in its essence, has remained unstitched, evolving primarily in how it is draped and adorned.

Throughout India’s long and diverse history, the saree has undergone numerous transformations. In ancient Vedic texts, women are often described wearing a three-piece ensemble called “nivi,” which closely resembles the saree. The fabric used for these garments ranged from cotton, cultivated in the Indus Valley, to fine silks from China, reflecting the region’s early engagement with trade and craftsmanship. The saree was not just a symbol of modesty, but also a medium for expressing social status and regional identity through the choice of fabric, color, and style of draping.

The spread of various empires and kingdoms further enriched the saree’s cultural significance. For instance, under the Gupta Empire (4th-6th centuries CE), sarees became more elaborate with the introduction of luxurious fabrics, intricate embroidery, and ornamental borders. Regional variations began to emerge, each with its unique draping styles and fabric types—like the Kanjeevaram saree of Tamil Nadu, Banarasi of Uttar Pradesh, and the Phulkari from Punjab. These styles, rooted in regional traditions, continue to reflect the deep cultural diversity of the Indian subcontinent.

In modern times, the saree has retained its cultural relevance, becoming a symbol of traditional Indian femininity while also adapting to contemporary fashion trends. It is worn not only in religious and ceremonial settings but also as an everyday garment in many parts of India. Today, the saree serves as a bridge between India’s past and present, offering a tangible connection to the country’s ancient history and cultural identity.